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Earth Astronomical symbol of PlanetTypically the Blue Marble, the first full-view photograph of the planet, was captured by astronauts en route to the Moon in 1972

Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical thing known to harbor life. According to radiometric dating and some other sources of evidence, Planet formed over 4. 5 billion years ago. Globe's gravity treats other items in space, especially the Sun and the Celestial body overhead, Earth's only natural satellite television. Earth revolves around sunlight in 365. 26 times, a period known as an Earth year. In the course of this time, Earth rotates about its axis about 366. 26 times.

Globe's axis of rotation is tilted with respect to its orbital plane, producing seasons on the planet. The gravitational interaction between Earth and the Moon causes sea tides, stabilizes Earth's positioning on its axis, and progressively slows its rotation. Earth is the densest planet in the Photo voltaic System and the largest of the four terrestrial planets.

Earth's lithosphere is divided into several inflexible tectonic plates that move across the surface over periods of many thousands of years. About 71% of Earth's surface is covered with water, mainly by oceans. The rest of the 29% is land consisting of continents and islands that with each other have many lakes, waterways and other sources of water that contribute to the hydrosphere. The majority of Globe's polar regions are protected in ice, like the Antarctic ice sheet and the sea ice of the Arctic ice pack. Earth's interior remains active with a solid iron internal core, a liquid external core that generates the Earth's magnetic field, and a convecting mantle that drives plate tectonics.

Within the first billion years of Earth's history, life appeared in the oceans and started out to impact the Earth's atmosphere and surface, leading to the proliferation of aerobic and anaerobic organisms. Some geological evidence indicates that life could have arisen as much as 4. 1 billion dollars years ago. Since then, the mixture of Globe's distance from the Sunlight, physical properties, and geological history have allowed life to evolve and thrive. In the history of the Earth, biodiversity has gone through long periods of expansion, occasionally punctuated by mass extinction events. Over 99% of species that ever lived on Planet are extinct. Estimates of the number of types on the planet today vary broadly; most species have not been described. Over 7. 6 billion humans live on Earth and depend upon its biosphere and natural resources for their success.[40] Humans are suffering from diverse societies and cultures; politically, the world has about 200 sovereign states.

The modern English word Earth developed from a broad variety of Middle The english language forms, which derived from a classic English noun most often spelled eorðe. This has cognates in every Germanic language, and their proto-Germanic root has been reconstructed as *erþō. In the earliest appearances, eorðe was already being used to convert the many senses of Latin terra and Ancient greek γῆ (gē): the floor, their soil, dry land, your world, the surface of the world (including the sea), and the globe itself. As with Terra and Gaia, Earth was a personified goddess in Germanic paganism: the Angles were posted by Tacitus as among the devotees of Nerthus, and later Norse mythology included Jörð, a giantess often given since the mom of Thor.

Originally, planet was written in lowercase, and from early Center English, its definite sense as "the globe" was expressed as the earth. By Early Modern English, many nouns were made a fortune, and the earth became (and often remained) the Earth, particularly if referenced together with other heavenly physiques. More recently, the name is sometimes simply given as Earth, by analogy with the names of some other planets. House styles now vary: Oxford spelling recognizes the lowercase form as the utmost common, with the made a fortune form an acceptable variant. Another convention capitalizes "Earth" when appearing as a name (e. g. "Earth's atmosphere") but writes it in lowercase when preceded by the (e. g. "the atmosphere of the earth"). It almost always appears in lowercase in colloquial expressions such as "what on the planet are you doing? ".

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